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Free Territory
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The Free Territory ((ウクライナ語:Вільна територія) ''vilna terytoriya''; (ロシア語:свободная территория) ''svobodnaya territoriya'') or Makhnovia ( ''Makhnovshchyna'') was an attempt to form a stateless anarchist〔Noel-Schwartz, Heather.(The Makhnovists & The Russian Revolution - Organization, Peasantry and Anarchism ). Archived on (Internet Archive ). Accessed October 2010.〕 society during the Ukrainian Revolution. It existed from 1918 to 1921, during which time "free soviets" and libertarian communes〔Skirda, Alexandre, ''Nestor Makhno: Anarchy's Cossack''. AK Press, 2004, p. 86〕 operated under the protection of Nestor Makhno's Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army. The population of the area was around seven million.〔Peter Marshall, ''Demanding the Impossible'', PM Press (2010), p. 473.〕
The territory was occupied by White Russian forces under Anton Denikin and a temporary government of Southern Russia formed, but, by 1920, Denikin's forces had been driven out of the area by the Red Army in cooperation with Makhno's forces, whose units were conducting guerrilla warfare behind Denikin's lines.
As the Free Territory was organized along anarchist lines, references to "control" and "government" are highly contentious. For example, the Makhnovists, often cited as a form of government (with Nestor Makhno being their leader), played a purely military role, with Makhno himself being little more than a military strategist and advisor.〔Skirda, Alexandre, ''Nestor Makhno: Anarchy's Cossack''. AK Press, 2004, p. 34〕
== History ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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